श्रेणी के हिसाब से फ़िल्टर करें 'History' containing 118 Posts

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					Peeing on Pétain
				
Eric Heinze examines the boundary between civil disobedience and desecration.  

					Should governments butt out of history?
				
Eric Heinze examines how states limit speech in order to control public awareness about the past.

					‘Lenin-fall’: free speech and the politics of memory in Ukraine
				
O.T. Jones argues that the Ukrainian state should not restrict open historical debate but use its ‘expressive’ powers to foster a nuanced understanding of the past.

					Law and historical memory: theorising the discipline
				
Free expression should not be considered as ‘just another’ human right. Any truly participatory political system cannot exist without it nor any legal system linked to such politics, argues Eric Heinze.

					In defence of Europe’s memory laws
				
There are two exceptional cases in which memory laws protect free speech, argue Grażyna Baranowska and Anna Wójcik.

					Free speech debates are more than ‘radicals’ vs ‘liberals’
				
Eric Heinze argues that the radicals and liberal grounds for free speech are not mutually exclusive.

					What next for Rhodes Must Fall?
				
Free Speech Debate organised a panel discussion on the Rhodes Must Fall campaign and its future. In this video and its highlights, panelists debate the range of issues surrounding the campaign and its impact on free speech. Panelists include Dr David Johnson, Professor David Priestland, Sizwe Mpofu-Walsh and Monica Richter.

					When is speech dangerous?
				
Jonathan Leader Maynard examines the difficulties in assessing and managing the role of speech in violence.

					‘Oxford University has no regard for black life’
				
Sizwe Mpofu-Walsh argues that Oxford has shown itself to have no regard for black life in its decision not to remove the statue of Cecil Rhodes.

					Cecil Rhodes in Oxford: from unnoticed statue to political scapegoat
				
Monica Richter argues that the inward looking Rhodes Must Fall campaign detracts from greater issues of social justice.

					चार्ली हैब्डो हत्याकांड के संधर्भ में आर्थर एसरफ अल्जीरिया में फ्रांसीसी उपनिवेशकीय दोगलेपन के इतिहास का विश्लेषण करते हैं।
				
चार्ली हैब्डो हत्याकांड के संधर्भ में आर्थर एसरफ अल्जीरिया में फ्रांसीसी उपनिवेशकीय दोगलेपन के इतिहास का विश्लेषण करते हैं।

					Clueless in Gaza: Western media and the Arab-Israeli conflict
				
John Lloyd explores the history and weakness of Western media coverage, and suggests one way it could be improved.

					A new initiative to defend free speech in India
				
Hartosh Bal explains the role of the new Freedom Trust in the context of India’s media environment, and how they hope to defend freedom of expression.

					Salman Rushdie: What have been the most important changes to free speech in the last 25 years?
				
25 years after the fatwa and the fall of the Berlin Wall, Salman Rushdie discusses with Timothy Garton Ash whether there is now more or less freedom of expression in Europe, worrying developments in India and his critical view of Edward Snowden. 

					Should Europe introduce a right to blasphemy?
				
Alain Bouldoires talks to Timothy Garton Ash about the survival of blasphemy laws in Europe, and calls for a ‘right to blaspheme’.

					EU versus intellectual freedom?
				
In a bid to synchronise hate crimes, the EU is seeking unity amongst members states against the denial of historical injustices. Is this the EU versus member states’ appreciation of intellectual freedom? Luigi Cajani explains.

					The world through the eyes of Russian state television
				
Robert Coalson looks at how Russian television depicts everything from the crisis in Ukraine to the war in Syria.

					The long struggle to bury speech crimes in the English-speaking world
				
Anthony Lester and Zoe McCallum look at how the ghost of the English Court of the Star Chamber has been used to suppress free speech. 

					Ann Wright: Is secrecy necessary for peace and diplomacy?
				
Former US Diplomat Ann Wright speaks to Kim Wilkinson on the need for whistleblowers and institutions like WikiLeaks, but stresses that in some instances secrecy is necessary, such as in peace-making negotiations. 

					The importance of speaking Catalan
				
Pere Vilanova reflects on his personal experience of learning his ‘native’ tongue – as a third language.

					‘They used the oven to get tanned, you know…’
				
Marc-Antoine Dilhac recounts how he confronted anti-semitic prejudice in a French classroom, and argues that more good  comes from an open debate about hate speech than from banning it. 

					Germans are not especially concerned about privacy and sovereignty
				
Nazi past? Stasi past? Sebastian Huempfer challenges the conventional explanations for Germany’s strong reaction to Edward Snowden’s revelations about NSA snooping.

					What does George Orwell mean to people in Burma?
				
At  the 2013 Irrawaddy Literary Festival, Burmese writers including Pascal Khoo Thwe and blogpoet Pandora talk about George Orwell in the country where he was once an imperial policeman.

					Why the US needs more open debate about its failures on race
				
Celebrating the 50th anniversary of the March on Washington must be the beginning of the discussion of race, not the end. Bassam Gergi discusses why the depoliticisation of race in the US is problematic and only open debate can lead to progress.

					Why shouldn’t a Hungarian historian call Jobbik “neo-nazi”?
				
Tamás Szigeti explores the asymmetric narrowing of free speech in Hungary.

					The difference between genocide and crimes against humanity
				
We regularly highlight comments that have made an impression on us. Antoon de Baets left an insightful response to Josie Appleton’s discussion of memory laws in France.

					When does hate speech become dangerous speech? Consider Kenya and Rwanda
				
The forthcoming trial of Kenyan broadcaster Joshua Arap Sang poses vital questions about the connections between words and violence, argues Katherine Bruce-Lockhart.

					Taming the gods: How should we deal with religious threats to free speech?
				
At the 2013 Jaipur Festival, Ian Buruma, Reza Aslan, Ahdaf Souief and Timothy Garton Ash, in conversation with Shoma Chaudhury, talk about the relationship between religion and politics and how to deal with religious threats to free speech.

					Freedom for history? The case against memory laws
				
Josie Appleton talks to Pierre Nora and Olivier Salvatori of the Liberté pour l’Histoire initiative in France.

					How has the internet changed the relationship between the writer and the state?
				
The relationship between writers and the state is complex, multifaceted and changing. At the Jaipur Literature Festival 2013 a panel of experts explores some of the issues faced by writers around the world.

					The practice of freedom
				
Burma’s pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi stresses the importance of free speech but emphasises the Buddhist idea of “right speech”.

					युद्ध क्रिकेट नहीं है!
				
ऑक्सफोर्ड विश्वविद्यालय में पढ़ रहे एक भारतीय छात्र और एक पाकिस्तानी छात्रा दर्शाते हैं कि किस तरह उनके देशों की मिडिया एक ही मुद्दे का अपनी-अपनी तरह से आवरण कर रहीं हैं।

					The future of free speech
				
Human Rights activist Aryeh Neier speaks about the future of free speech.

					क्या एक कातिल के पास हक है कि उसे लोग भूल जाये?
				
2008 में दो दोषी पाए गए हत्यारों ने जर्मन कानून के अनुसार विकिपीडिया और अन्य ऑनलाइन मीडिया के आउटलेट से अपने नाम हटाए जाने की मांग की। क्या व्यक्ति का हक कि उसे लोग भूल जाये जनता के जानने के अधिकार पर प्राथमिकता लेता है?

					Egypt’s one-way traffic in books
				
Historian Khaled Fahmy describes how historic Egyptian books are more easily found in Western than in Egyptian libraries – and how a scholarly history of the Middle East was recently banned from entering Egypt.

					Why the EU’s “harmonisation machine” should stay away from history
				
Claus Leggewie and Horst Meier explain why memory laws are the wrong way for Europeans to remember and debate their difficult pasts.

					व्यंग्य के रूप में हिटलर का ‘Mein Kampf’
				
जर्मन हास्य अभिनेता Serdar Somuncu हिटलर के प्रचार की मूर्खता को उजागर करने के लिए, ‘Mein Kampf’ अर्क का पाठ करते है;  Sebastian Huempfer लिखते है।

					जापान की नई इतिहास पाठ्यपुस्तक का विवाद
				
आयको कोमीन और नाओको होसोकावा लिखते है कि इतिहास की एक पाठ्यपुस्तक जो कि जापानी साम्राज्यवाद को संयत अभिनय करती है घरेलू और अंतरराष्ट्रीय स्तर में विवाद का कारण हुई।

					फ्रांस का अर्मेनियाई नरसंहार का कानून
				
क्लेमेंटाइन डे मोंत्जोये लिखती है कि जनवरी 2012 में फ्रेंच सीनेट ने के एक कानून को मंजूरी दे दी जो किसी भी राज्य द्वारा मान्यता प्राप्त नरसंहार के इनकार को गैर-कानूनी घोषित करता है।

					Japan: Korean ‘comfort women’ photo exhibit sabotaged
				
A South Korean photographer explains his ordeal in holding an exhibition in Japan that documents ageing ‘Comfort Women’, writes Lee Yoo Eun.

					How should publishers respond to protests for and against the publication of the same essay?
				
In 2011, three Indian scholars called on OUP India to re-publish an essay which had been denounced by Hindu extremists. Less than two weeks later, the publisher reversed its earlier decision not to re-publish.

					The vital presence of the past
				
History is a sensitive issue in China with some of it desperately remembered and some, deliberately forgotten, writes Judith Bruhn.

					Free speech in Turkey & the world – part two
				
Historian Halil Berktay discusses the denial by the Turkish state that the mass murders of hundreds of thousands of Armenians in 1915 constituted a genocide.

					Free speech in Turkey & the world – part one
				
In the first past of this debate, research fellow Kerem Öktem argues that an individual’s understanding of free speech is shaped by their personal history and geography. 

					Hasan Cemal: Freedom of expression in Turkey
				
From communism to Kurdish separatism, the Turkish state has used a series of pretexts to deny freedom of expression to its citizens, says journalist Hasan Cemal.

					History reclassified as state secret: the case of Xu Zerong
				
In 2002, historian Xu Zerong was sentenced to 13 years in jail for leaking state secrets. The classification of the leaked materials as “top secret” came only after he had been sentenced, writes Timothy Garton Ash.

					Susan Benesch: What is the difference between hate speech and dangerous speech?
				
Susan Benesch, senior fellow at the World Policy Institute, discusses hate speech and dangerous speech with Timothy Garton Ash

					How should the law define dangerous speech?
				
A trio of human rights experts elaborate on the definition of dangerous speech and consider how hate speech is protected both in Europe and under the first amendment in the US. 

					Orville Schell: What controls are beneficial to a free society?
				
China’s attempt to both capitalise on and control the internet is “one of the greatest experiments” in the country’s history, says Orville Schell of the Asia Society.

					YouTube in Turkey
				
YouTube was banned for three years in Turkey on the grounds that certain videos were insulting to Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the modern republic’s founder, or to “Turkishness”, write Funda Ustek and Irem Kok.

					Is criminalisation an effective way of eradicating fascism?
				
The co-chair of the German Green Party tells Free Speech Debate that fascist ideologies cannot be banned and must be confronted in a democratic way.

					The private life of a national hero
				
A documentary depicting the Turkish Republic’s founder, Kemal Atatürk, as a “drunken debaucher” was seen as an attack on “Turkishness”, write Irem Kok and Funda Ustek.

					How Turkish taboos perpetuate immaturity
				
Professor Ayşe Kadıoğlu of Sabancı University speaks of her experience growing up in Turkey where taboos, many imposed by law, have trapped citizens “in a state of immaturity”.

					Daniel Bell: What would Confucius make of free speech in the internet age?
				
Confucianism’s defence of political speech does not necessarily apply to other forms of expression, says Bell.

					Timothy Garton Ash at the Brandenburg Gate: Should we all become a bit more German, or not, when it comes to privacy?
				
Speaking at the Brandenburg Gate on the 22nd anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall, Timothy Garton Ash, director of Free Speech Debate, discusses the new barriers to information and communication. 

					Criticism of the Thai king
				
US blogger Joe Gordon was sentenced to two and a half years in a Thai prison for publishing links on his blog to an unauthorised biography of Thailand’s King Bhumibol Adulyadej. A case study by Maryam Omidi.

					भारत की अश्लील कार्टून स्टार
				
भारतीय अधिकारियों का सविता भाभी, एक ऑनलाइन कॉमिक पट्टी जिस में एक स्वच्छंद संभोगी गृहिणी, जिसे सेक्स की अतिलोभी भूख है, का चित्रण किया गया है, को प्रतिबंध कर देने के फैसले की प्रेस में आलोचना की गयी। मरयम ओमिदी विचार करती है कि क्या यह सही फैसला था।

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